The aurora borealis, or Northern Lights, occurs when charged particles from the solar wind collide with gases in Earth’s magnetosphere, creating luminous curtains of green, violet, and crimson that ripple across polar skies.
These displays peak during geomagnetic storms, which intensify the solar wind and expand the auroral oval, sometimes pushing the lights to lower latitudes and allowing millions to witness the spectacle.
Beyond their beauty, auroras serve as visible reminders of our planet’s protective magnetic field, shielding us from harmful cosmic radiation and inspiring scientists to study space weather for future satellite safety.
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